02086nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197260001600266300001400282490000700296520127300303653001601576653001101592653001401603653000801617100003101625700002001656700002201676700001801698700001801716700002001734856007801754       2015                        eng d  a1537-171900aA phylogenetic analysis of 34 chloroplast genomes elucidates the relationships between wild and domestic species within the genus Citrus.0 aphylogenetic analysis of 34 chloroplast genomes elucidates the r  c2015 Apr 14  a2015-20350 v323 aCitrus genus includes some of the most important cultivated fruit trees worldwide. Despite being extensively studied because of its commercial relevance, the origin of cultivated citrus species and the history of its domestication still remain an open question. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis of the chloroplast genomes of 34 citrus genotypes which constitutes the most comprehensive and detailed study to date on the evolution and variability of the genus Citrus. A statistical model was used to estimate divergence times between the major citrus groups. Additionally, a complete map of the variability across the genome of different citrus species was produced, including single nucleotide variants, heteroplasmic positions, indels and large structural variants. The distribution of all these variants provided further independent support to the phylogeny obtained. An unexpected finding was the high level of heteroplasmy found in several of the analysed genomes. The use of the complete chloroplast DNA not only paves the way for a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships within the Citrus genus, but also provides original insights into other elusive evolutionary processes such as chloroplast inheritance, heteroplasmy and gene selection.10achloroplast10acitrus10aPhylogeny10aWGS1 aCarbonell-Caballero, José1 aAlonso, Roberto1 aIbañez, Victoria1 aTerol, Javier1 aTalon, Manuel1 aDopazo, Joaquin  uhttp://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/04/27/molbev.msv082.full